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Citation
Tags
HERO ID
1015817
Reference Type
Journal Article
Title
Arsenic in volcanic geothermal fluids of Latin America
Author(s)
López, DL; Bundschuh, J; Birkle, P; Armienta, MA; Cumbal, L; Sracek, O; Cornejo, L; Ormachea, M
Year
2012
Is Peer Reviewed?
1
Journal
Science of the Total Environment
ISSN:
0048-9697
EISSN:
1879-1026
Publisher
Elsevier
Volume
429
Issue
Elsevier
Page Numbers
57–75
Language
English
PMID
22285066
DOI
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.08.043
Web of Science Id
WOS:000307085100004
URL
https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0048969711009119
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Abstract
Numerous volcanoes, hot springs, fumaroles, and geothermal wells occur in the Pacific region of Latin America. These systems are characterized by high As concentrations and other typical geothermal elements such as Li and B. This paper presents a review of the available data on As concentrations in geothermal systems and their surficial discharges and As data on volcanic gases of Latin America. Data for geothermal systems in Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Bolivia, and Chile are presented. Two sources of As can be recognized in the investigated sites: Arsenic partitioned into volcanic gases and emitted in plumes and fumaroles, and arsenic in rocks of volcanic edifices that are leached by groundwaters enriched in volcanic gases. Water containing the most elevated concentrations of As are mature Na-Cl fluids with relatively low sulfate content and As concentrations reaching up to 73.6mgL(-1) (Los Humeros geothermal field in Mexico), but more commonly ranging from a few mgL(-1) to tens of mgL(-1). Fluids derived from Na-Cl enriched waters formed through evaporation and condensation at shallower depths have As levels of only a few μgL(-1). Mixing of Na-Cl waters with shallower meteoric waters results in low to intermediate As concentrations (up to a few mgL(-1)). After the waters are discharged at the ground surface, As(III) oxidizes to As(V) and attenuation of As concentration can occur due to sorption and co-precipitation processes with iron minerals and organic matter present in sediments. Understanding the mechanisms of As enrichment in geothermal waters and their fate upon mixing with shallower groundwater and surface waters is important for the protection of water resources in Latin America.
Keywords
Arsenic; Geothermal system; Latin America, Volcanic fluids; Geothermal fluids
Tags
•
Arsenic Hazard ID
1. Initial Lit Search
PubMed
WOS
WOS
Considered New
2. Lit Search Updates through Oct 2015
WOS
Considered
4. Considered through Oct 2015
6. Cluster Filter through Oct 2015
7. Other Studies through Oct 2015
Review/Risk Assessment/Guidance document
•
Arsenic (Inorganic)
1. Literature
Lit search updates through Oct 2015
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