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Citation
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HERO ID
1060397
Reference Type
Journal Article
Subtype
Review
Title
Carbon nanotube mass production: principles and processes
Author(s)
Zhang, Q; Huang, JQ; Zhao, MQ; Qian, WZ; Wei, F
Year
2011
Is Peer Reviewed?
Yes
Journal
ChemSusChem
ISSN:
1864-5631
EISSN:
1864-564X
Volume
4
Issue
7
Page Numbers
864-889
Language
English
PMID
21732544
DOI
10.1002/cssc.201100177
Abstract
Our society requires new materials for a sustainable future, and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are among the most important advanced materials. This Review describes the state-of-the-art of CNT synthesis, with a focus on their mass-production in industry. At the nanoscale, the production of CNTs involves the self-assembly of carbon atoms into a one-dimensional tubular structure. We describe how this synthesis can be achieved on the macroscopic scale in processes akin to the continuous tonne-scale mass production of chemical products in the modern chemical industry. Our overview includes discussions on processing methods for high-purity CNTs, and the handling of heat and mass transfer problems. Manufacturing strategies for agglomerated and aligned single-/multiwalled CNTs are used as examples of the engineering science of CNT production, which includes an understanding of their growth mechanism, agglomeration mechanism, reactor design, and process intensification. We aim to provide guidelines for the production and commercialization of CNTs. Although CNTs can now be produced on the tonne scale, knowledge of the growth mechanism at the atomic scale, the relationship between CNT structure and application, and scale-up of the production of CNTs with specific chirality are still inadequate. A multidisciplinary approach is a prerequisite for the sustainable development of the CNT industry.
Tags
Other
•
Nanoscale Carbon
All References Cited
External Review Draft
Product Life-Cycle
Peer Reviewed Draft
Product Life Cycle
Lower Priority Areas: Appendices G and H
Final Case Study
Product Life Cycle
Lower Priority Areas: Appendices G and H
Transport & Fate
Lower Priority Areas: Appendices G and H
Exposure, Uptake, and Dose
Lower Priority Areas: Appendices G and H
Impacts
Lower Priority Areas: Appendices G and H
Reviewer Comments & Agency Responses: Appendices K and I
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