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156899 
Book/Book Chapter 
Radiative forcing of climate change 
Ramaswamy, V; Boucher, O; Haigh, J; Hauglustaine, D; Haywood, J; Myhre, G; Nakajima, T; Shi, GY; Solomon, S 
2001 
Cambridge University Press 
Cambridge, United Kingdom 
Climate change 2001: The scientific basis 
18 
349-416 
English 
WOS:000538687900010 
is a chapter of 156587 Climate change 2001: The scientific basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Radiative forcing is a useful concept in determining the potential influence of a particular mechanism of climate change. However, due to the increased number of forcing agents identified over the past decade, the total radiative forcing is difficult to assess. By assigning a range of probability distribution functions to the individual radiative forcings and using a Monte-Carlo aroach, we estimate the total radiative forcing since pre-industrial times including all quantitative radiative forcing estimates to date. The resulting total radiative forcing has a 75-97% probability of being positive (or similarly a 3-25% probability of being negative), with mean radiative forcing ranging from + 0.68 to + 1.34 W m(-2), and median radiative forcing ranging from + 0.94 to + 1.39 W m(-2). 
GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; GREENHOUSE; AEROSOLS; PERTURBATIONS; CO2 
Houghton, JT; Ding, Y; Griggs, DJ; Noguer, M; van der Linden, PJ; Da, X; Maskell, K; Johnson, CA 
9780521807678