Jump to main content
US EPA
United States Environmental Protection Agency
Search
Search
Main menu
Environmental Topics
Laws & Regulations
About EPA
Health & Environmental Research Online (HERO)
Contact Us
Print
Feedback
Export to File
Search:
This record has one attached file:
Add More Files
Attach File(s):
Display Name for File*:
Save
Citation
Tags
HERO ID
201600
Reference Type
Journal Article
Subtype
Review
Title
Assessing nanotoxicity in cells
Author(s)
Hillegass, J; Shukla, A; Lathrop, SA; Macpherson, MB; Fukagawa, NK; Mossman, BT
Year
2010
Is Peer Reviewed?
1
Journal
Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology
ISSN:
1939-5116
EISSN:
1939-0041
Volume
TBD
Issue
3
Page Numbers
TBD
Language
English
PMID
20063369
DOI
10.1002/wnan.54
Web of Science Id
WOS:000277221800002
Abstract
Nanomaterials are commonly defined as particles or fibers of less than 1 µm in diameter. For these reasons, they may be respirable in humans and have the potential, based upon their geometry, composition, size, and transport or durability in the body, to cause adverse effects on human health, especially if they are inhaled at high concentrations. Rodent inhalation models to predict the toxicity and pathogenicity of nanomaterials are prohibitive in terms of time and expense. For these reasons, a panel of in vitro assays is described below. These include cell culture assays for cytotoxicity (altered metabolism, decreased growth, lytic or apoptotic cell death), proliferation, genotoxicity, and altered gene expression. The choice of cell type for these assays may be dictated by the procedure or endpoint selected. Most of these assays have been standardized in our laboratory using pathogenic minerals (asbestos and silica) and non-pathogenic particles (fine titanium dioxide or glass beads) as negative controls. The results of these in vitro assays should predict whether testing of selected nanomaterials should be pursued in animal inhalation models that simulate physiologic exposure to inhaled nanomaterials. Conversely, intrathoracic or intrapleural injection of nanomaterials into rodents can be misleading because they bypass normal clearance mechanisms, and non-pathogenic fibers and particles can test positively in these assays.
Tags
IRIS
•
Asbestos
OPPT REs
•
OPPT_Asbestos, Part I: Chrysotile_Supplemental Search
LitSearch: Sept 2020 (Undated)
ProQuest
PubMed
Toxline
WoS
Legacy Uses
Health Outcomes
Exposure
Home
Learn about HERO
Using HERO
Search HERO
Projects in HERO
Risk Assessment
Transparency & Integrity