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Citation
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HERO ID
2088491
Reference Type
Journal Article
Title
Atrazine is primarily responsible for the toxicity of long-term exposure to a combination of atrazine and inorganic arsenic in the nigrostriatal system of the albino rat
Author(s)
Bardullas, U; Giordano, M; RodrÃguez, VM
Year
2013
Is Peer Reviewed?
1
Journal
Neurotoxicology and Teratology
ISSN:
0892-0362
EISSN:
1872-9738
Publisher
Elsevier
Volume
40
Issue
Elsevier
Page Numbers
59-66
Language
English
PMID
24161463
DOI
10.1016/j.ntt.2013.10.003
Web of Science Id
WOS:000329151200007
URL
https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0892036213001980
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Abstract
Chronic and simultaneous exposure to a variety of chemicals present in the environment is an unavoidable fact. However, given the complexity of studying chemical mixtures, most toxicological studies have focused on the effects of short-term exposure to single substances. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects on the nigrostriatal system of the chronic, simultaneous exposure to two widely distributed substances that have been identified as potential dopaminergic system toxicants, inorganic arsenic (iAs) and atrazine (ATR). Six groups of rats were treated daily for one year with atrazine (10mg ATR/kg), inorganic arsenic (0.5 or 50mg iAs/L of drinking water),or a combination of ATR+0.5mg iAs/L or ATR+50mg iAs/L. The 50mg iAs/L group showed locomotor hypoactivity, while all treatments decreased motor coordination in contrast no effects of treatment were found on the place and response learning tasks. Regarding markers for liver and muscle damage, there were no differences between groups in creatine kinase (CK) or aspartate transaminase (AST) activities, while decreases in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were found in some exposed groups. The striatal DA content was significantly reduced in ATR, 0.5mg iAs/L, ATR+0.5mg iAs/L, and ATR+50mg iAs/L groups, in comparison to the control group. The number of mesencephalic tyrosine hydroxylase positive cells decreased in the ATR and ATR+0.5mg iAs/L groups compared to the control. In contrast, immunoreactivity to cytochrome oxidase was reduced compared to the control in all treated groups, except for the group treated with 0.5 iAs mg alone. Our results indicate that ATR has deleterious effects on dopaminergic neurons and that the combination of ATR and iAs does not exacerbate these effects.
Keywords
Herbicides; Heavy metals; TH plus cells; Locomotor activity; Dopamine; Chemical mixtures
Tags
IRIS
•
Arsenic Hazard ID
PubMed
Considered New
PubMed
Considered New
ToxNet
Considered New
WOS
WOS
Excluded
WOS Duplicates
2. Lit Search Updates through Oct 2015
PubMed
WOS
ToxNet
Considered
7. Other Studies through Oct 2015
Other
•
Arsenic (Inorganic)
1. Literature
Lit search updates through Oct 2015
3. Hazard ID Screening
Other potentially supporting studies
•
Arsenic Susceptibility
Life Stages Citation Mapping
15%-20%
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