US EPA

2971241 

Journal Article 

Cancer and reproductive risks among chemists and laboratory workers: A review 

Dement, JM; Cromer, JR 

1992 

Yes 

Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
ISSN: 1047-322X
EISSN: 1521-0898 

7 

2 

120-126 

English 

10.1080/1047322X.1992.10388032 

Epidemiologic studies of the risks of cancer and adverse reproductive outcome in chemists and laboratory workers were reviewed. The problem of hazardous exposures to biomedical and chemical laboratory workers was summarized. Epidemiological studies of mortality and cancer in laboratory workers and chemists were discussed. Three of six studies with sufficiently detailed exposure data indicated statistically significant increases in mortality from all cancers. Four found significantly increased mortality from leukemia and lymphatic and hematopoietic system cancer. Detailed information on specific exposures was lacking. Anecdotal data suggested that benzene (71432) or other solvents could explain, at least in part, the increase in leukemia and lymphatic and hematopoietic cancer. All six studies found significant deficits from lung cancer mortality. Five studies indicated nonsignificant increases in gastrointestinal system cancer. Epidemiological studies of reproduction outcome in female laboratory workers were discussed. Eight of 10 studies suggested an association between laboratory work and miscarriages, perinatal death, and congenital malformations. Definite causal relationships could not be demonstrated because of imprecise data on exposure or exposure timing relative to pregnancy. The authors conclude that the existing studies indicate that laboratory workers may be at risk for lymphoma, leukemia, and gastrointestinal system cancer and adverse pregnancy outcome. Specific exposures causing these effects have not been identified. Strategies for reducing potentially hazardous exposures include installing local exhaust ventilation and using appropriate work practices and personal protective equipment.