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HERO ID
3856869
Reference Type
Journal Article
Title
Determination of selected perfluorinated compounds and polyfluoroalkyl phosphate surfactants in human milk
Author(s)
Kubwabo, C; Kosarac, I; Lalonde, K
Year
2013
Is Peer Reviewed?
Yes
Journal
Chemosphere
ISSN:
0045-6535
EISSN:
1879-1298
Volume
91
Issue
6
Page Numbers
771-777
Language
English
PMID
23498060
DOI
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.02.011
Web of Science Id
WOS:000318056300008
Relationship(s)
is supplemented by
11350757
Supplement:
Abstract
Polyfluoroalkyl phosphate surfactants (PAPS) are used on food contact paper to impart oil/grease resistance and have been shown to be able to migrate into food. The biotransformation of the congeners belonging to this class of compounds is considered to be a potential source of perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs). In this study, two methods were developed for the determination of seven perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) and eight polyfluorinated disubstituted phosphate surfactants (diPAPS) in human milk. PFCs were extracted from milk using an ion-pairing technique; while the diPAPs extraction involved a sample clean up using solid phase extraction. Analyses of all compounds in this study were performed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Of the seven PFCs analyzed in human milk, only perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) was detected in eleven out of thirteen (85%) individual human milk samples analyzed, with a concentration range of <0.072 to 0.52 ng mL(-1). Four diPAPS were detected and quantified in human milk samples. Eight out of thirteen samples contained 4:2 diPAP with a concentration range of <0.01-0.26 ng mL(-1); 6:2 diPAP was detected in five samples with a concentration range of <0.01-0.14 ng mL(-1); 8:2 diPAP was detected in only three samples with concentrations of 0.21, 0.27, and 0.30 ng mL(-1). The 10:2 diPAP was quantified in seven milk samples, with concentration range of <0.01-0.83 ng mL(-1). No correlation was established between PFCAs and PAPS levels in this small sample size. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to report the presence of PAPS in human milk.
Keywords
Environmental Monitoring; Fluorocarbons/analysis; Milk, Human/chemistry; Phosphates/analysis/chemistry; Surface-Active Agents/analysis/chemistry
Tags
PFAS
•
6:2/8:2 diPAP
Literature Search
Pubmed
WOS
Screening Results
Excluded/Not on Topic
•
6:2 diPAP
Literature Search
Pubmed
WOS
Screening Results
Toxicokinetic studies
ADME
•
8:2 diPAP
Literature Search
Pubmed
WOS
Screening Results
Toxicokinetic studies
ADME
•
Additional PFAS (formerly XAgency)
Literature Search November 2019
Web of Science
Screened Studies
Supplemental
8:2 Fluorotelomer phosphate diester
Sodium bis[2-(perfluorohexyl)ethyl] phosphate
•
Expanded PFAS SEM (formerly PFAS 430)
Sodium bis[2-(perfluorohexyl)ethyl] phosphate
•
FtOH 8:2
Literature Search
WOS
Screening Results
Toxicokinetic studies
ADME
•
^Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
FtOH 8:2 (678-39-7)
Literature Search
WOS
6:2 diPAP (57677-95-9)
Literature Search
Pubmed
WOS
8:2 diPAP (678-41-1)
Literature Search
Pubmed
WOS
6:2/8:2 diPAP (943913-15-3)
Literature Search
Pubmed
WOS
•
PFAS 150
Literature Search Update December 2020
PubMed
WOS
Literature Search August 2019
PubMed
Web of Science
Screened Studies
Supplemental
Ammonium perfluorooctanoate
Perfluorinated compounds
Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid
Perfluorooctanoic acid
•
PFHxS
•
PFOA (335-67-1) and PFOS (1763-23-1)
Literature Search Update (2013-2019)
PubMed
WOS
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