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Citation
Tags
HERO ID
3860065
Reference Type
Journal Article
Title
Concentrations and patterns of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in a river and three drinking water treatment plants near and far from a major production source
Author(s)
Boiteux, V; Dauchy, X; Bach, C; Colin, A; Hemard, J; Sagres, V; Rosin, C; Munoz, JF
Year
2017
Is Peer Reviewed?
1
Journal
Science of the Total Environment
ISSN:
0048-9697
EISSN:
1879-1026
Volume
583
Page Numbers
393-400
Language
English
PMID
28117151
DOI
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.079
Web of Science Id
WOS:000394556400040
Relationship(s)
is supplemented by
11367856
: Supplementary material
Abstract
Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are emerging contaminants that have been detected in the environment, biota and humans. Drinking water is a route of exposure for populations using water contaminated by PFAS discharges. This research entailed measuring concentrations, mass flows and investigating the fate of dozens PFASs in a river receiving effluents from a fluorochemical manufacturing facility. To measure the total concentration of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acid (PFCA) precursors, an oxidative conversion method was used. Several dozen samples were collected in the river (water and sediment), in drinking water resources and at different treatment steps on four sampling dates. One PFCA and three fluorotelomers (FTs) were detected up to 62km downstream from the manufacturing facility. 6:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonamide alkylbetaine (6:2 FTAB) was the predominant PFAS with a mass flow of 3830g/day 5.2km downstream from the facility. At all sampling points, PFAS concentrations in sediment were quite low (<6ng/g dw). Five of the 11 investigated wells showed detectable concentrations of PFASs. Interestingly, their profile patterns were different from those observed in the river, suggesting a transformation of PFCA precursors in the sediments of alluvial groundwater. Conventional drinking water treatments (aeration, sand or granular activated carbon filtration, ozonation or chlorination) did not efficiently remove PFASs. Furthermore, an increase in concentration of certain PFASs was observed after ozonation, suggesting that some FTs such as 6:2 FTAB can break down. Only nanofiltration was able to remove all the analyzed PFASs. In the treated water, total PFAS concentrations never exceeded 60ng/L. The oxidative conversion method revealed the presence of unidentified PFCA precursors in the river. Therefore, 18 to 77% of the total PFCA content after oxidation consisted of unidentified chemical species. In the treated water, these percentages ranged from 0 to 29%, relatively and reassuringly low values.
Keywords
PFAS; Drinking water treatment; Surface water; Groundwater; Sediment
Tags
PFAS
•
Expanded PFAS SEM (formerly PFAS 430)
Perfluorooctane
•
^Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
PFOA (335-67-1) and PFOS (1763-23-1)
Literature Search – Adverse outcome pathway (2015-present)
WOS
FtS 6:2 (27619-97-2)
Literature Search
Pubmed
WOS
•
PFNA
Litsearch Update 2017-2018
PFAS Untag
Pubmed
Literature Search
Pubmed
Toxline
PFNA May 2019 Update
Toxnet
Title and Abstract Screening
Excluded
Not relevant to PECO
•
PFOA (335-67-1) and PFOS (1763-23-1)
Literature Search – Adverse outcome pathway (2015-present)
WOS
Screening Results
Excluded/Not on Topic
Literature Search Update (2013-2019)
WOS
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