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3860074 
Journal Article 
[Analysis of perfluoroalkyl substances and their precursors in eighteen market milk] 
Yang, L; Wang, M; Li, J; Wang, Y; Zhao, Y; Wu, Y 
2015 
Zhonghua Yufang Yixue Zazhi / Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
ISSN: 0253-9624 
49 
524-528 
Chinese 
OBJECTIVE: To explore the level of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and their precursors in 18 market milk samples of China.

METHOD: The 18 milk samples were selected in 8 provinces of China, including Ningxia, Neimeng, Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi, Chongqing, and Guangdong. 8 PFASs and 11 PFAS precursors were measured by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem quadruple mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The dietary exposure assessment was made.

RESULTS: Three PFASs were detected in milk samples which were PFOA, PFUdA, and PFOS. The numbers of detected samples were 5, 12, and 14, respectively. Their concentration ranges were < Limit of determination (LOD)-431.94 pg/ml, < LOD -15.95 pg/ml and < LOD -126.98 pg/ml, respectively. Three PFAS precursors were also found above the detection limits, namely, 4:2 FTS, 6:2 FTS, and 6:2 diPAP. Only one sample was detected 4:2 FTS at the concentration of 3.75 pg/ml. The detected samples of 6:2 FTS and 6:2 diPAP were 12 and 3. Their concentration ranges were < LOD -2.49 pg/ml and < LOD -24.56 pg/ml, respectively. The ranges estimated daily intake of PFOA and PFOS of the detected samples were 2.49 × 10⁻³-405.89 × 10⁻³ ng · kg⁻¹ · d⁻¹ and 36.10 × 10⁻³-119.32 × 10⁻³ ng · kg⁻¹ · d⁻¹.

CONCLUSION: Our results suggested that there were different contamination levels of PFASs and their precursors in the 18 market milk produced from different regions in china. The estimated daily intake of PFASs from the milk in our study were far below the tolerable daily intake set by European Union (PFOS: 150 ng · kg⁻¹ · d⁻¹, PFOA: 1 500 ng · kg⁻¹ · d⁻¹). 
PFAS
• 6:2/8:2 diPAP
     Literature Search
          Pubmed
     Screening Results
          Excluded/Not on Topic
• 6:2 diPAP
     Literature Search
          Pubmed
     Screening Results
          Excluded/Not on Topic
• 8:2 diPAP
     Literature Search
          Pubmed
     Screening Results
          Excluded/Not on Topic
• Additional PFAS (formerly XAgency)
• ^Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
     PFOA (335-67-1) and PFOS (1763-23-1)
          Literature Search – Adverse outcome pathway (2015-present)
               Pubmed
     FtS 6:2 (27619-97-2)
          Literature Search
               Pubmed
     6:2 diPAP (57677-95-9)
          Literature Search
               Pubmed
     8:2 diPAP (678-41-1)
          Literature Search
               Pubmed
     6:2/8:2 diPAP (943913-15-3)
          Literature Search
               Pubmed
• PFAS 150
     Literature Search August 2019
          PubMed
     Not prioritized for screening
     Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid
     Perfluoroundecanoic acid
• PFAS Universe
     Data Source
          Pubmed
     2-(Perfluorobutyl)-1-ethanesulfonic acid
     4:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonate
     6:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonic acid
     Perfluorooctanesulfonate
     Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid
     Perfluorooctanoate
     Perfluoroundecanoic acid
OW - HHRAB
• PFOA (335-67-1) and PFOS (1763-23-1)
     Literature Search – Adverse outcome pathway (2015-present)
          Pubmed
     Screening Results
          Excluded/Not on Topic
     Literature Search Update (2013-2019)
          PubMed