US EPA

5016938 

Journal Article 

Contaminant patterns in soils from landfill mining 

Hölzle, I 

2019 

1 

Waste Management
ISSN: 0956-053X
EISSN: 1879-2456 

Elsevier Ltd 

83 

151-160 

English 

30514462 

10.1016/j.wasman.2018.11.013 

WOS:000454371400017 

https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0956053X18306767
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Landfill mining is used to close the material loops by recovering recyclables from landfills. Previous research has focused on material composition reporting that, worldwide, landfills mainly consist of soil-like materials ("soils") and combustibles. Although soils have been investigated in a few studies, the results are limited to the presentation of substance concentrations without further analysing the substance patterns (e.g. correlation between substances). This research identifies similarities in substance concentrations within and between landfills, analysing approximately 300 soil samples from eight excavated landfills. Statistical tests enabled the determination of substance variations and correlations. Substance concentration correlations were found between several heavy metals (in particular zinc), sulphate and electrical conductivity, as well as ammonium nitrogen and biodegradability. With regard to contamination prediction, sulphate, pH and total organic carbon proved to be the most efficient indicator elements. Legal limit values have proven to be efficient to manage substance flows in terms of chloride, sulphate, cadmium, lead and zinc, but were ineffective with respect to biodegradability, PCB, benzo[a]pyrene and cyanides. 

Contamination prediction; Correlation; Indicator element; Landfill mining; Limit value; Substance flow analysis