Referent selection in case-crossover analyses of acute health effects of air pollution
Levy, D; Lumley, T; Sheppard, L; Kaufman, J; Checkoway, H
| HERO ID | 17172 |
|---|---|
| In Press | No |
| Year | 2001 |
| Title | Referent selection in case-crossover analyses of acute health effects of air pollution |
| Authors | Levy, D; Lumley, T; Sheppard, L; Kaufman, J; Checkoway, H |
| Journal | Epidemiology |
| Volume | 12 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Page Numbers | 186-192 |
| Abstract | The case-crossover design was proposed for the study of a transient effect of an intermittent exposure on the subsequent occurrence of a rare acute-onset disease. This design can be an alternative to Poisson time series regression for studying the health effects of fine particulate matter air pollution. Characteristics of time-series of particulate matter, including long-term time trends, seasonal trends, and short-term autocorrelations, require that referent selection in the case-crossover design be considered carefully and adapted to minimize bias. We performed simulations to evaluate the bias associated with various referent selection strategies for a proposed case-crossover study of associations between particulate matter and primary cardiac arrest. Some a priori reasonable strategies were associated with a relative bias as large as 10%, but for most strategies the relative bias was less than 2% with confidence interval coverage within 1% of the nominal level. We show that referent selection for case-crossover designs raises the same issues as selection of smoothing method for time series analyses. In addition, conditional logistic regression analysis is not strictly valid for some case-crossover designs, introducing further bias. |
| Doi | 10.1097/00001648-200103000-00010 |
| Pmid | 11246579 |
| Wosid | WOS:000167139400010 |
| Is Certified Translation | No |
| Dupe Override | No |
| Comments | ECRIB.Epidemiology 12: 186-192. |
| Is Public | Yes |
| Keyword | study design; data analysis; case-crossover design; bias; pollution |
| Is Qa | No |