Metal Compounds and Rare Earths
Wilkenfeld, M
| HERO ID | 1751447 |
|---|---|
| Year | 1992 |
| Title | Metal Compounds and Rare Earths |
| Authors | Wilkenfeld, M |
| Volume | Second Edition |
| Page Numbers | 815-830 |
| Abstract | Antimony (7440360), copper (7440508), manganese (7439965), molybdenum (7439987), osmium (7440042), phosphorus (7723140), selenium (7782492), silver (7440224), tellurium (13494809), thallium (7440280), tin (7440315), tungsten (7440337), vanadium (7440622) and zinc (7440666), and their health effects were reviewed. Information on the uses, sources of environmental and occupational exposure, health hazards, exposure limits, and techniques for monitoring occupational exposure to the elements and major compounds where available were summarized. Manganese, silver, tin, tungsten, and zinc are commonly used metals that have caused health problems in certain settings. Chronic inhalation exposure has long been recognized as a major cause of severe neurological problems in workers exposed to manganese-dioxide (1313139). Exposure to silver-nitrate (7761888) dusts and solutions has been associated with severe skin, eye, and mucous membrane damage. The skin may become pigmented as a result of the formation of silver/protein complexes. The major hazard associated with tin originates from the use of alkyl and aromatic tin compounds which are neurotoxic. The major problem associated with exposure to tungsten is a respiratory disorder called hard metal disease. Inhalation of fresh zinc-oxide (1314132) fumes causes a flu like syndrome known as metal fume fever. Epidemiological studies have found a slight excess of lung cancer in smelter workers exposed to antimony-trioxide (1309644). Laboratory animal studies have indicated that antimony-trioxide is a lung carcinogen. |
| Report Number | NIOSH/00222254 |
| Is Certified Translation | No |
| Dupe Override | No |
| Comments | Journal: Environmental and Occupational Medicine ISSN: |
| Is Public | Yes |
| Keyword | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><kw>DCN-221992</kw>; <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><kw>Transition metals</kw>; <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><kw>Metalloids</kw>; <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><kw>Metal compounds</kw>; <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><kw>Toxic effects</kw>; <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><kw>Occupational exposure</kw>; <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><kw>Environmental exposure</kw>; <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><kw>Health hazards</kw>; <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><kw>Carcinogens</kw> |