Variability in 24 hour excretion of cyanuric acid: implications for water exposure assessment
Sinclair, M; Roddick, F; Grist, S; Nguyen, T; O'Toole, J; Leder, K
HERO ID
3446012
Reference Type
Journal Article
Year
2016
Language
English
PMID
| HERO ID | 3446012 |
|---|---|
| In Press | No |
| Year | 2016 |
| Title | Variability in 24 hour excretion of cyanuric acid: implications for water exposure assessment |
| Authors | Sinclair, M; Roddick, F; Grist, S; Nguyen, T; O'Toole, J; Leder, K |
| Journal | Journal of Water and Health |
| Volume | 14 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Page Numbers | 192-198 |
| Abstract | Cyanuric acid (CYA) excretion in urine has been used to estimate the volume of water ingested during swimming and other recreational activities in outdoor pools containing this chemical. These estimates of water ingestion are based on the assumption of 100% excretion within 24 hours, but the supporting evidence for this is scant. While adapting this methodology to investigate other water ingestion scenarios, we observed a high degree of variability in cyanuric acid excretion among experimental subjects, with over 25% of individuals excreting less than 80% of an ingested dose. Use of cyanuric acid to measure inadvertent water ingestion may be a valuable tool to generate data for health risk assessment of non-potable water sources, but our observations indicate that this technique carries an inherent degree of underestimation that should be taken into account when calculating water exposure. |
| Doi | 10.2166/wh.2015.230 |
| Pmid | 27105404 |
| Wosid | WOS:000375333100003 |
| Is Certified Translation | No |
| Dupe Override | No |
| Is Public | Yes |
| Language Text | English |
| Keyword | exposure assessment; ingestion; non-potable; recreational water |