Ethylbenzene and styrene exposure in the United States based on urinary mandelic acid and phenylglyoxylic acid: NHANES 2005-2006 and 2011-2012
Capella, KM; Roland, K; Geldner, N; Rey deCastro, B; De Jesús, VR; van Bemmel, D; Blount, BC
HERO ID
5068508
Reference Type
Journal Article
Year
2019
Language
English
PMID
| HERO ID | 5068508 |
|---|---|
| In Press | No |
| Year | 2019 |
| Title | Ethylbenzene and styrene exposure in the United States based on urinary mandelic acid and phenylglyoxylic acid: NHANES 2005-2006 and 2011-2012 |
| Authors | Capella, KM; Roland, K; Geldner, N; Rey deCastro, B; De Jesús, VR; van Bemmel, D; Blount, BC |
| Journal | Environmental Research |
| Volume | 171 |
| Page Numbers | 101-110 |
| Abstract | Ethylbenzene and styrene are air toxicants with widespread nonoccupational exposure sources, including tobacco smoke and diet. Ethylbenzene and styrene (EB/S) exposure was quantified from their common metabolites measured in spot urine samples obtained from participants (≥6 years old) in the 2005-2006 and 2011-2012 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES; N = 4690). EB/S metabolites mandelic acid (MA) and phenylglyoxylic acid (PGA) were measured using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS). MA and PGA were detected in 98.9% and 90.6% of tested urine specimens, respectively. Exclusive smokers had 2-fold and 1.6-fold higher median urinary MA and PGA, respectively, compared with non-users. Sampleweighted regression analysis among exclusive smokers showed that smoking 0.5 pack cigarettes per day significantly increased MA (+97.9 μg/L) and PGA (+69.3 μg/L), controlling for potential confounders. In comparison, exposure from the median daily dietary intake of grain products increased MA by 1.95 μg/L and was not associated with statistically significant changes in urinary PGA levels. Conversely, consuming vegetables and fruit was associated with decreased MA and PGA. These results confirm tobacco smoke as a major source of ethylbenzene and styrene exposure for the general U.S. population. |
| Doi | 10.1016/j.envres.2019.01.018 |
| Pmid | 30660916 |
| Wosid | WOS:000460081300012 |
| Is Certified Translation | No |
| Dupe Override | No |
| Comments | ProQuest URL: https://www.proquest.com/docview/2220898041?accountid=171501&bdid=65280&_bd=YB0AG7OXO4WW0LqoLi7DFOPTXAY%3D |
| Is Public | Yes |
| Language Text | English |