Evidence of the mutagenicity of ethylene dichloride and structurally related compounds
Fabricant, JD; Chalmers JH Jr
HERO ID
62604
Reference Type
Book/Book Chapter
Year
1980
Language
English
| HERO ID | 62604 |
|---|---|
| Year | 1980 |
| Title | Evidence of the mutagenicity of ethylene dichloride and structurally related compounds |
| Book Title | Banbury Report 5: Ethylene Dichloride: A Potential Health Risk? |
| Authors | Fabricant, JD; Chalmers JH Jr |
| Editor | B Ames; P Infante; R Reitz |
| Publisher Text | Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory |
| City | Cold Spring Harbor, NY |
| Volume | 5 |
| Page Numbers | 309-329 |
| Abstract | A number of short-term methods have been developed in recent years to test chemical compounds and other agents for metagenic activity. These tests involve a number of species, both mammalian and nonmammalian, and are conducted both in vivo and in vitro. A correlation has been shown between the mutagenicity and the carcinogenicity of a compund. It has been estimated that approximately 80% (B.N. Ames, pers. comm.; M.S. Legator, pers. comm.) of all mutagenic compounds are also carcinogenic, although not all carcinogens are mutagens. Therefore, the value of tests to determine the mutagenicity of a compound is important in that these tests may, at least in some cases, give some indication of the carcinogenicity of that chemical as well. The mutagenicity tests alone, however, cannot difinitively identify a carcinogen. However, some of these test can be used for monitoring at-risk population groups and to aid in the evaluation of acceptable exposure standards. Mutational events may occur either at the gene level, where they result in mutant alleles, or at the chromosome level, where they cause chromosomal aberrations (usually the deletions or addition of some part of the chromosome arm). These may occur either during meiosis (in germ cells resulting in possible genetic transmission of that mutation) or during mitosis (occurring in somatic cells and not hereditary). Chromosomal aberrations may be either numerical or structural. Numerical abberations affect the whole chromosome set by the addition or deletion of one or more chromosomes from the cell. Structural anomalies, however, are generally deletions, breaks, gaps, or translocations in choromosomes and do not affect the chromosome number. Although many of these mutational events may result in cellular death, many may be repaired. In addition to the genetic end points of gene mutation or chromosomal aberration primary DNA damage may result from chemical mutagenesis. There are a number of tests that evaluate damage-induced genetic recombination. These include mitotic crossing over, gene coversion, sister chromatid exchange, and unscheduled DNA synthesis, as well as others. |
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| Is Certified Translation | No |
| Dupe Override | No |
| Comments | In: Ames, B.; Infante, P.; Reitz, R., eds. Ethylene dichloride: a potential health risk? Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory; pp. 309-329. (Banbury report 5). |
| Is Public | Yes |
| Language Text | English |
| Is Qa | No |
| Relationship(s) |
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