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10284451 
Journal Article 
Review 
Oxidative stress in cancer 
Hayes, JD; Dinkova-Kostova, AT; Tew, KD 
2020 
1 
Cancer Cell
ISSN: 1535-6108
EISSN: 1878-3686 
38 
2 
167-197 
English 
32649885 
WOS:000559591600008 
Contingent upon concentration, reactive oxygen species (ROS) influence cancer evolution in apparently contradictory ways, either initiating/stimulating tumorigenesis and supporting transformation/proliferation of cancer cells or causing cell death. To accommodate high ROS levels, tumor cells modify sulfur-based metabolism, NADPH generation, and the activity of antioxidant transcription factors. During initiation, genetic changes enable cell survival under high ROS levels by activating antioxidant transcription factors or increasing NADPH via the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). During progression and metastasis, tumor cells adapt to oxidative stress by increasing NADPH in various ways, including activation of AMPK, the PPP, and reductive glutamine and folate metabolism.