US EPA

1280791 

Journal Article 

Sand and gravel mining: effects on ground water resources in Hancock county, Maine, USA 

Peckenham, JM; Thornton, T; Whalen, B 

2009 

Yes 

Environmental Geology
ISSN: 0943-0105
EISSN: 1432-0495 

Springer Science+Business Media 

56 

6 (Jan 2009) 

1103-1114 

10.1007/s00254-008-1210-7 

WOS:000262312800008 

http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00254-008-1210-7
Exit
 

Based on this preliminary study, existing sand and gravel mining regulations (in Maine, USA) can be inferred to provide some protection to water resources. Sand and gravel deposits are important natural resources that have dual uses: mining for construction material and pumping for drinking water. How the mining of sand and gravel affects aquifers and change aquifer vulnerability to contamination is not well documented. Mining regulations vary greatly by state and local jurisdiction. This study test metrics to measure the effectiveness of mining regulations. The sand and gravel aquifer system studied is covered with former and active gravel pits to nearly 25% of its areal extent. Data from homeowner interviews and field measurements found scant evidence of changes in water quantity. Water quality analyses collected from springs, streams, ponds and wells indicate that the aquifer was vulnerable to contamination by chloride and nitrate. However, water quality changes can not be related directly to mining activities. 

USA, Maine; Groundwater pollution; Nitrates; Ground water; Water quality; Construction materials; local jurisdiction; Water resources; Gravel; Mining; Mine Wastes; Wells; Regulations; Drinking water; Contamination; Ponds; Natural resources; Chlorides; Water wells; Pits; Vulnerability; Sand; Streams; Groundwater; Water springs; Aquifers