US EPA

1316836 

Technical Report 

Urea Formaldehyde Foam Insulation (UFFI) 

Harrison, JR; Campbell, JS 

1983 

Harrison, JR; Campbell, JS 

NIOSH/00154851 

38 

10 

1227-1229 

Problems involving the use of urea-formaldehyde (9011056) foam insulation (UFFI) are explored. Animal data is reviewed for comparison. Hazards of formaldehyde (50000) exposure in humans include carcinogenicity, primarily squamous metaplasia developing into squamous cell carcinoma with polyploid adenomas of the nasal cavities; sensitization and irritation in which challenge provokes an asthmatic response, allergic eczematous contact dermatitis, or eye irritation; possibility of physical trauma; possibility of electrical circuitry failure due to corrosion; and stress from coping with unsuccessful removal of insulation. UFFI releases free formaldehyde that passes through gypsum wall board and other materials not containing a vapor barrier. Usual ambient concentrations range 0.005 to 0.06 part per million. Exposure to concentrations above 1.0 part per million produces effects in most individuals. Production of changes in sister chromatid exchanges has been demonstrated, although animal studies show no excess mortality at usual concentrations. Formaldehyde may produce tumors at other than respiratory sites and may be synergistic with other substances. 

DCN-142163; Insulation materials; Materials testing; Exposure levels; Carcinogenicity; Nasal disorders; Genetic disorders; Mutagenesis; Physiological response; Biological effects; Sensitization; Pulmonary system disorders