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1324873 
Journal Article 
Cathode materials for lithium ion batteries prepared by sol-gel methods 
Liu, H; Wu, YP; Rahm, E; Holze, R; Wu, HQ 
2004 
Yes 
Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry
ISSN: 1432-8488
EISSN: 1433-0768 
8 
7 
450-466 
WOS:000221642500001 
Improving the preparation technology and electrochemical
performance of cathode materials for lithium ion batteries is a current major focus of research
and development in the areas of materials, power sources and chemistry. Sol-gel methods are
promising candidates to prepare cathode materials owing to their evident advantages over
traditional methods. In this paper, the latest progress on the preparation of cathode materials
such as lithium cobalt oxides, lithium nickel oxides, lithium manganese oxides, vanadium oxides
and other compounds by sol-gel methods is reviewed, and further directions are pointed out. The
prepared products provide better electrochemical performance, including reversible capacity,
cycling behavior and rate capability in comparison with those from traditional solid-state
reactions. The main reasons are due to the following several factors: homogeneous mixing at the
atomic or molecular level, lower synthesis temperature, shorter heating time, better
crystallinity, uniform particle distribution and smaller particle size at the nanometer level. As
a result, the structural stability of the cathode materials and lithium intercalation and
deintercalation behavior are much improved. These methods can also be used to prepare novel types
of cathode materials such as nanowires of LiCoO2 and nanotubes of V2O5, which cannot be easily
obtained by traditional methods. With further development and application of sol-gel methods,
better and new cathode materials will become available and the advance of lithium ion batteries
will be greatly promoted. 
cathode materials; lithium ion battery; sol-gel method; doping; coating