US EPA

1555186 

Journal Article 

Nitration of Deactivated Aromatic Compounds 

Liu Jinqiang; Qian Chao; Chen Xinzhi 

2009 

1 

Huaxue Jinzhan / Progress in Chemistry
ISSN: 1005-281X 

21 

12 

2635-2641 

WOS:000273314100017 

The nitration of aromatics is an important reaction in chemical industry, and the nitration of deactivated aromatics plays a key role in the synthesis of medicines, pesticides, dyes and explosives. In this paper, the latest progress of the nitration of deactivated aromatic compounds is reviewed in the point of view of nitrating agents, including nitrate-sulfuric acid, nitrate ester, nitric acid and nitrogen oxides. Their specific features, merits and demerits are outlined and the perspectives of the nitration Lire prospected. Among them, nitrate-sulfuric acid system with higher nitrating activity can get high yields at mild condition in the nitration of deactivated aromatic compounds and could be used in the laboratory and industrial applications. And for other nitrating methods, the nitration of high degree deactivated aromatics is, so far, not satisfying for different reasons and more efforts are needed for developing new agents with higher nitrating activity. 

nitration; deactivated aromatic compounds; nitrates; nitrate esters; nitric acid; nitrogen oxides