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1588322 
Journal Article 
Structure development of PVDF/PMMA/TiO2 composite film with casting conditions 
Lee, JGyu; Kim, SHun 
2011 
Macromolecular Research
ISSN: 1598-5032 
19 
72-78 
This study examined the effect of the casting temperature on
poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/titanium dioxide (TiO2)
composite films for use as the protective sheet of photovoltaic cells and modules. The structure,
crystalline behavior, thermal behavior, surface morphology and color properties of the
PVDF/PMMA/TiO2 composite films were investigated by FTIR, XRD, DSC, surface roughness analysis
and color spectrometry. The results showed that different crystal structures-PVDF (form I) and
PVDF (form II) - could be created in PVDF/PMMA/TiO2 composite films. By melt extruding
PVDF/PMMA/TiO2 (65/20/ 15) blends, and casting at different temperatures, it was found that PVDF
(form I) was predominant at low casting temperatures. However, with increasing casting
temperature, PVDF (form II) dominated the PVDF/PMMA/TiO2 composite films. After aging and PCT
(pressure cooker tester), form I came to dominate the PVDF/PMMA/TiO2 composite film and increased
the Color - b index of CIELAB color space. 
poly(vinylidene fluoride); poly(methyl methacrylate); film; casting 
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