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1590490 
Journal Article 
Free carrier dyeing of polyester fabric using nano TiO2 
Harifi, T; Montazer, M 
2013 
Yes 
Dyes and Pigments
ISSN: 0143-7208
EISSN: 1873-3743 
97 
3 
440-445 
WOS:000317027100007 
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of nano
TiO2 on the dyeing behavior of polyester fabric. The polyester fabric was first thermally treated
with nano TiO2 and then dyed with two different disperse dyes at the boil without a carrier. The
dyeing efficiency was compared to the common carrier dyeing of the polyester. The dyeing
adsorption of polyester fabrics was positively affected by nano TiO2 pre-treatment and an
increase in nano TiO2 content led to higher color strength. The proposed method proved to have no
adverse effects on fastness properties and could be introduced as a novel route, imparting
various desirable multi-functional features to polyester fabric. This method is also free from
some of the disadvantages involved in carrier dyeing such as toxicity. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All
rights reserved. 
Polyester; Disperse dye; Nano TiO2 pre-treatment; Carrier; Dyeability; Light and washing fastness