US EPA

1619989 

Journal Article 

Topical application of Azone analogs to hairless mouse skin: A histopathological study 

Phillips, CA; Michniak, BB 

1995 

Yes 

International Journal of Pharmaceutics
ISSN: 0378-5173
EISSN: 1873-3476 

BIOSIS/95/34357 

AMSTERDAM 

AMSTERDAM 

63-71 

English 

10.1016/0378-5173(95)00115-y 

WOS:A1995RY11900007 

http://://WOS:A1995RY11900007
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BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Eight dermal penetration enhancers were evaluated for irritancy potential on hairless mice. The enhancers included propylene glycol and isopropyl myristate as controls. Novel enhancers included: Azone or 1-dodecylhexahydro-2H-azepin-2-one (1); N-dodecyl-2-pyrrolidinone (2)- N-dodecyl-2-piperidinone (3); N-dodecyl-N-(2-methoxyethyl)acetamide (4); N-(2,2-dihydroxyethyl)dodecylamine (5); and 2-(1-nonyl)1,3-dioxolane (6). The analogs were tested at concentrations of 10% (approx. 0.4 M) in the vehicle propylene glycol and at 100%. Plastic cups containing the solutions were attached to the dorsal side of the animals (n = 3) for 24 h. A biopsy technique was used and the treated skin and adjacent untreated skin were fixed in 10% buffered formalin, embedded in paraffin, and stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Histological examination coupled with visual observation allowed for assessment of damage to the epidermal and dermal layers of the skin. Propylene glycol and isopropyl my 

Microscopy Techniques-Histology and Histochemistry; Biochemical Studies-General; Integumentary System-General; Integumentary System-Pathology; Routes of Immunization; Toxicology-General; Muridae