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Citation
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HERO ID
1620203
Reference Type
Journal Article
Title
Development and clinical evaluation of a verapamil transdermal delivery system
Author(s)
Shah, HS; Tojo, K; Huang, YC; Chien, YW
Year
1992
Is Peer Reviewed?
Yes
Journal
Journal of Controlled Release
ISSN:
0168-3659
EISSN:
1873-4995
Report Number
IPA/93/1025287
Volume
Controlled Release
Issue
REF 17
Page Numbers
125-131
Language
eng
Abstract
IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP Transdermal patch formulations containing 4.2-25% verapamil and 4.2-25% isopropyl myristate (IPM) as a permeation enhancer were studied in vitro and in 8 healthy male subjects. The highest permeation across mouse skin was attained with patches containing 12.6% each of verapamil and IPM. Steady state plasma concentration and area under the concentration-time curve for total verapamil equivalent were proportional to the surface area of the delivery system and the amount of drug released. Therapeutic levels of verapamil range from about 50-80 ng/ml. However, the highest steady state plasma level achieved was 23.5 ng/ml. It was concluded that the verapamil transdermal patch does not provide effective plasma drug levels.
Keywords
Verapamil
;
blood levels
;
transdermal patches
;
Isopropyl myristate
;
effects
;
verapamil blood levels
;
Cardiac drugs
;
blood levels
;
verapamil(Cardiac drugs
;
Absorption enhancers
;
Concentration
;
Patches transdermal
;
Absorption
;
percutaneous
;
Release
;
HUMAN
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