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1629622 
Journal Article 
Economic feasibility of the production of iso-propanol-butanol-ethanol fuels from whey permeate 
Schoutens, GH; Groot, WJ 
1935 
1 
Process Biochemistry
ISSN: 1359-5113
EISSN: 0032-9592 
20 
4 (1935) 
117-121 
A preliminary cost calculation was made of a fermentation (Clostridium beyerinckii ) process to convert whey permeate continuously to 45 x 10 super(6) kg year super(-1) of an iso-propanol-butanol-ethanol mixture (IBE). This mixture can be used as an engine fuel and can best be compared with gasoline. Continuous fermentation with immobilized micro-organisms combined with simultaneous product recovery by pervaporation distinguishes this process from the traditional batch fermentation with conventional broth distillation. The production costs were estimated from laboratory-scale data and literature data. The IBE mixture can be produced at a price competitive with that of gasoline (off refinery). 
isopropanol; Clostridium beyerinckii; immobilized cells; ethanol; butanol; whey; fermentation