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HERO ID
1697820
Reference Type
Journal Article
Title
Exhaust emissions from an engine fueled with biodiesel from high-oleic soybeans
Author(s)
Tat, ME; Wang, PS; Van Gerpen, JonH; Clemente, TE
Year
2007
Is Peer Reviewed?
Yes
Journal
Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society
ISSN:
0003-021X
EISSN:
1558-9331
Volume
84
Issue
9
Page Numbers
865-869
DOI
10.1007/s11746-007-1109-6
Web of Science Id
WOS:000249072300010
Abstract
Biodiesel is a fuel comprising mono-alkyl esters of medium to long-chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal fats. Typically, engines operated on soybean-based biodiesel exhibit higher emissions of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) compared with petroleum diesel. The increase in NOx emissions might be an inherent characteristic of soybean oil's polyunsaturation, because the level of saturation is known to affect the biodiesel's cetane number, which can affect NOx. A feedstock that is mostly monounsaturated (i.e. oleate) helps to balance the tradeoff between cold flow and oxidative stability. Genetic modification has produced a soybean event, designated 335-13, with a fatty acid profile high in oleic acid (> 85%) and with reduced palmitic acid (< 4%). This high-oleic soybean oil was converted to biodiesel and run in a John Deere 4045T 4.5-L four-stroke, four-cylinder, turbocharged direct-injection diesel engine. The exhaust emissions were compared with those from conventional soybean oil biodiesel and commercial No. 2 diesel fuel. There was a significant reduction in NOx emissions (alpha = 0.05) using the high-oleic soybean biodiesel compared with regular soybean oil biodiesel. No significant differences were found between the regular and high-oleic biodiesel for unburned hydrocarbon and smoke emissions.
Keywords
genetically modified soybean; high-oleic soybean; alkyl esters; biodiesel; diesel fuel; diesel engine; diesel combustion; diesel emission; NOx emission
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