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1708446 
Journal Article 
Biotechnology in the mining and metallurgical industries: cost savings through selective precipitation of metal sulfides 
Dijkman, H; Buisman, CJN; Bayer, HG 
1999 
113-126 
WOS:000085715100009 
The PAQUES Bio Systems' core technology, marketed under the name THIOPAQ(R), consists of various high-rate biological processes for metal-sulfur-water systems, complemented with common solid/liquid and gas separation steps. Sulfur species are converted to sulfide, which is a valuable component as it can be used for metals reduction and precipitation. Selective recovery of valuable metals can be employed, leading to revenue from metal values.



In this paper, biotechnological systems for the treatment of metal sulfate solutions and dilute SO2 gases are described. These installations can be designed to either produce predominantly aqueous (NaHS) or gaseous (H2S) sulfide. The emphasis here is on hydrogen sulfide gas. The main case history discussed is the demonstration plant that ran on hydrogen gas at Kennecott Utah Copper. Three years of operating experience clearly show that sulfate reduction with hydrogen gas is a viable option. Furthermore, the selective recovery of copper from leach water with the hydrogen sulfide produced was shown to be very effective.