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1739462 
Journal Article 
A small animal model for direct respiratory and hemodynamic measurements in toxicokinetic studies of volatile chemicals 
Dallas, C; Weir, F; Bruckner, J 
1983 
Yes 
Developments in Toxicology and Environmental Science
ISSN: 0165-2214 
NIOSH/00148328 
11 
419-422 
English 
6677479 
A method for direct respiratory and hemodynamic measurements after exposure to volatile organics was examined in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley-rats were anesthetized for monitoring hemodynamic parameters in blood samples. One rat received a 100 milligram oral dose of 1,1-dichloroethylene (75354) (DCE) and another was exposed by inhaling 200 parts per million (ppm) DCE for 3 hours. Blood samples were withdrawn periodically from the femoral vein for blood content of test compounds. For inhalation exposures, a tracheostomy was performed and a miniaturized one way breathing valve was inserted into the trachea. For oral administration, test compounds were administered by gavage. Exhaled breath samples were taken from an exhalation sampling port located immediately adjacent to the breathing valve. Respiratory rate and minute volume were monitored with a pneumotachograph connected to a physiograph. Blood pressure, cardiac rate, and core temperature were continuously monitored by other physiograph channels. Alveolar concentrations of the test compound were calculated from the data generated from measurements of exhaled breath concentrations, respiratory rate, and minute volume. Concentrations of DCE in the blood, exhaled breath, and alveolar air simultaneously reached a steady state 45 minutes after initiation of inhalation exposure. DCE was eliminated very rapidly from the exhaled breath and bloodstream following cessation of exposures. Alveolar and exhaled breath concentrations of DCE peaked several minutes after maximum blood concentrations were achieved in the orally dosed animal. The authors conclude that the small animal model can be used to conduct toxicokinetic studies that require simultaneous collection of sequential samples of exhaled breath and blood during exposures. 
DCN-135072; Medical research; Animal studies; Quantitative analysis; Toxicology; Analytical methods; Laboratory techniques; Physiological measurements; Analytical models; Respiratory gas analysis; Blood analysis; Cardiopulmonary function