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1761746 
Journal Article 
A surfactin cyclopeptide of WH1fungin used as a novel adjuvant for intramuscular and subcutaneous immunization in mice 
Gao, Z; Wang, S; Qi, G; Pan, Hui; Zhang, Li; Zhou, X; Liu, J; Zhao, X; Wu, Jie 
2012 
1 
Peptides
ISSN: 0196-9781 
38 
1 
163-171 
22982610 
WOS:000313773700022 
WH1fungin, a surfactin cyclopeptide from Bacillus
amyloliquefaciens WH1, is firstly reported as a novel immunoadjuvant, which can markedly enhance
the immune response when given in mixture with antigens. After intramuscular or subcutaneous
immunization, WH1fungin can help to induce both of durable humoral and cellular immune response,
even as strong as Freund's adjuvant. Both IgG1 and IgG2a antigen-specific antibodies were
elicited from the immunizations indicating a mixed Th1/Th2 response. Splenocytes from mice
intramuscularly immunized with OVA plus WH1fungin responded to OVA CTL peptide stimulation
resulting in an increase in CD8(+)TNF-alpha(+) and CD8(+)IFN-gamma(+) T cell populations, and
also an increase in CD4(+)TNF-alpha(+) T cells and CD4IFN-gamma(+) T cell populations was found
from mice subcutaneously immunized with OVA plus WH1fungin when responded to OVA Th peptide
stimulation. These results further suggest that WH1fungin helps to elicit humoral and cellular
responses to OVA. The potential mechanism of WH1 fungin as an immunoadjuvant was investigated. In
vitro assays showed that WH1fungin could enter into RAW 264.7 cells, induce ROS accumulation, and
increase the expression of cell surface markers and cytokines in cells. Further investigation
suggested that WH1fungin might exert its adjuvant activity by ligating with TLR-2 in antigen
present cells such as RAW 264.7. Taken together, WH1fungin is very potent as a novel adjuvant for
development of vaccines in the future. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 
WH1fungin; Surfactin; Adjuvant; Vaccine