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1762691 
Journal Article 
TOXICITY AND BEHAVIORAL EFFECTS OF CADMIUM IN PLANARIAN (Dugesia japonica Ichikawa et Kawakatsu) 
Zhang, X; Zhao, B; Pang, Q; Yi, H; Xue, M; Zhang, B 
2010 
1 
Fresenius Environmental Bulletin
ISSN: 1018-4619
EISSN: 1610-2304 
PARLAR SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS (P S P) 
FREISING 
19 
12 
2895-2900 
WOS:000285664300018 
Acute toxicity tests of a freshwater Planarian (Dugesia japonica Ichikawa et Kawakatsu) exposed to cadmium were conducted according to the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) guidelines. The 24, 48, 72 and 96-h LC(50) values were calculated as 4.92, 2.25, 1.52 and 1.45 mg Cd(2+)/L, respectively. When compared with different phyla or classes of freshwater animals, the rank of Dugesia japonica in species sensitivity was in the 43-44 and 39-40 ranges for 24- and 48-h LC(50), respectively. D. japonica had moderate sensitivity. A mobility assay was carried out to explore the behavioral effects of Cd(2+) on D. japonica. At sub-toxic concentrations, Cd(2+) decreased D. japonica locomotor behavior in a concentration-dependent manner. The mobility IC(50) for adult D. japonica at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h were calculated to be 3.07, 2.66, 1.35 and 1.37 mg Cd(2+)/L for measured concentrations, respectively. Locomotion of newborns was seriously impaired and cannot be used to calculate the mIC(50). Results showed that D. japonica can be regarded as a useful bioindicator species for the detection and evaluation of Cd(2+) effects upon freshwater invertebrates. Acute toxicity on D. japonica and mobility assay for adult D. japonica can be used as biomarkers for Cd(2+) exposure in a freshwater environment. 
Toxicity; Planarian (Dugesia japonica); Motility assay; Cadmium