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1768329 
Journal Article 
Coating Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles with humic acid for high efficient removal of heavy metals in water 
Liu, JF; Zhao, ZS; Jiang, GB 
2008 
1 
Environmental Science & Technology
ISSN: 0013-936X
EISSN: 1520-5851 
42 
18 
6949-6954 
English 
18853814 
WOS:000259139400031 
Humic acid (HA) coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4/HA) were developed for the removal of toxic Hg(II), Pb(II), Cd(II), and Cu(II) from water. Fe3O4/HA were prepared by a coprecipitation procedure with cheap and environmentally friendly iron salts and HA. TOC and XPS analysis showed the as-prepared Fe3O4/HA contains ∼11% (w/w) of HA which are fractions abundant in O and N-based functional groups. TEM images and laser particle size analysis revealed the Fe3O4/HA (with ∼10 nm Fe3O4 cores) aggregated in aqueous suspensions to form aggregates with an average hydrodynamic size of ∼140 nm. With a saturation magnetization of 79.6 emu/g, the Fe3O4/HA can be simply recovered from water with magnetic separations at low magnetic field gradients within a few minutes. Sorption of the heavy metals to Fe3O4/HA reached equilibrium in less than 15 min, and agreed well to the Langmuir adsorption model with maximum adsorption capacities from 46.3 to 97.7 mg/g. The Fe3O4/HA was stable in tap water, natural waters, and acidic/basic solutions ranging from 0.1 M HCl to 2 M NaOH with low leaching of Fe (≤3.7%) and HA (≤5.3%). The Fe3O4/HA was able to remove over 99% of Hg(II) and Pb(II) and over 95% of Cu(II) and Cd(II) in natural and tap water at optimized pH. Leaching back of the Fe3O4/HA sorbed heavy metals in water was found to be negligible. 
Pollution air; Aérosol; Phénomène transport; Particule ultrafine; Lixiviation; Eau distribution; Capacité adsorption; Modélisation; Adsorption; Sorption; Champ magnétique; Séparation magnétique; Hydrodynamique; Microscopie électronique transmission; Coprécipitation; Plomb; Métal lourd; Matière organique; Nanoparticule; Air pollution; Aerosols; Transport process; Ultrafine particle; Tap water; Adsorption capacity; Modeling; Magnetic field; Magnetic separation; Hydrodynamics; Transmission electron microscopy; Coprecipitation; Lead; Heavy metal; Organic matter; Nanoparticle; Contaminación aire; Aerosol; Fenómeno transporte; Partícula ultrafina; Lixiviación; Agua distribución; Capacidad adsorción; Modelización; Adsorción; Sorción; Campo magnético; Separación magnética; Hidrodinámica; Microscopía electrónica transmisión; Coprecipitación; Plomo; Metal pesado; Materia orgánica; Nanopartícula