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1769600 
Journal Article 
Friction-stir welding of AA 2198 butt joints: mechanical characterization of the process and of the welds through DOE analysis 
Bitondo, C; Prisco, U; Squilace, A; Buonadonna, P; Dionoro, G 
2011 
Yes 
International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology
ISSN: 0268-3768 
53 
5-8 
505-516 
WOS:000287754200007 
In this study, rolled plates of AA 2198 T3 aluminium alloy
are friction-stir welded in butt configuration varying two fundamental process parameters:
rotational and welding speeds. Two sets of empirical models based on regression analysis are
developed. The first one predicts the stationary values of the in-plane and downwards forging
welding forces in dependence of the process parameters under investigation. The second one
predicts the mechanical strength, in particular yield and tensile strength, of the friction-stir
welded joints as function of the same parameters. For the development of the empirical models,
two 3(2) full factorial designs are used: one having the stationary values of the welding forces
and the other having the yield and tensile strength as observed responses, respectively.
Statistical tools such as analysis of variance, F tests, Mallows' C (P) , coefficient of
determination etc. are used to build and to validate the developed models. By using the
desirability function approach, the optimum process parameters to simultaneously obtain maximum
possible yield and tensile strength are found within the investigated range. The developed models
can be effectively used to predict the stationary forces and the mechanical proprieties of the
joints at 95% confidence level. 
AA 2198; Friction-stir welding (FSW); Rotational speed; Welding speed; FSW forces; Tensile strength; Design of experiments, desirability function (DF) approach