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1253296 
Journal Article 
Cross-dimerization of α-methylstyrene with isoamylene and aldol condensation of cyclohexanone using a cation-exchange resin and acid-treated clay catalysts 
Shah, NF; Bhagwat, MS; Sharma, MM 
1994 
22 
1 
19-34 
WOS:A1994NB97400003 
The utility of cation-exchange resin and acid-treated clay
catalysts was investigated for two non-aqueous reaction systems, viz. the cross-dimerization of
alpha-methylstyrene with isoamylene and the aldol condensation of cyclohexanone. A systematic
investigation of the cross-dimerization of alpha-methylstyrene with isoamylene was carried out in
the temperature range 40-100-degrees-C employing different reactant molar ratios. The effect of
these parameters on the selectivity for cross-dimerization as compared to the dimerization of the
individual reactants was studied. In the liquid-phase aldol condensation of cyclohexanone,
special emphasis was laid on the selectivity for 2-(1-cyclohexen-1-yl)cyclohexanone, an
intermediate in the manufacture of o-phenylphenol. The effect of the temperature was studied in
the range 100-160-degrees-C. The efficacy of the acid-treated clay over cation-exchangers has
been highlighted. The experimental data were analysed and correlated by heterogeneous models. The
cross-dimerization reaction was found to follow Rideal-Eley kinetics, while the condensation
reaction conformed to the Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism. 
AMBERLYST-15; CROSS-DIMERIZATION; CYCLOALKYLATION; ALDOL CONDENSATION; 2-(1-CYCLO-HEXEN-1-YL)CYCLOHEXANONE; ACID-TREATED CLAYS; CATION-EXCHANGE RESIN; LANGMUIR-HINSHELWOOD KINETICS; RIDEAL-ELEY KINETICS