US EPA

1808793 

Journal Article 

MUTAGENICITY OF COMMERCIAL HAIR DYES IN SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM TA98 

Watanabe, T; Hirayama, T; Fukui, S 

1991 

1 

Mutation Research Letters
ISSN: 0165-7992 

EMIC/85733 

253 

3 

eng 

FOUR COMMERCIAL OXIDATIVE-TYPE HAIR DYE FORMULATIONS, A, B, C AND D, WERE OXIDIZED WITH HYDROGEN PEROXIDE (H2O2) TO SIMULATE NORMAL CONDITIONS OF USE, AND THEIR MUTAGENICITY WAS TESTED IN S. TYPHIMURIUM TA98 IN THE PRESENCE OF A MAMMALIAN METABOLIC ACTIVATION SYSTEM (S9 MIX). MOST OF THE OXIDIZED HAIR DYES DID NOT SHOW OBVIOUS MUTAGENICITY IN THE RANGE OF 1-25 UL/PLATE AND ALL EXHIBITED BACTERICIDAL ACTIVITY AT 10 UL/PLATE. CONSEQUENTLY, RAYON LINKED TO A COPPER-PHTHALOCYANINE DERIVATIVE (BLUE RAYON) WAS USED AS AN ADSORBENT FOR THE ELIMINATION OF INTERFERING BACTERICIDAL COMPOUNDS IN OXIDIZED HAIR DYES. ADSORBED COMPOUNDS ON BLUE RAYON WERE ELUTED WITH AMMONIACAL METHANOL AND ELUENTS WERE SUBJECTED TO THE AMES TEST. THE MUTAGENICITY IN OXIDIZED HAIR DYE FORMULATIONS WAS SUCCESSFULLY DETECTED BY USE OF BLUE RAYON EXTRACTION AND THE BLUE RAYON EXTRACTS OBTAINED FROM OXIDIZED HAIR DYES EXHIBITED MUTAGENICITY IN TA98 WITH S9 MIX. THE RAYON EXTRACTS OBTAINED FROM OXIDIZED A AND B, WHICH INCLUDED M-PHENYLENEDIAMINE AS A COMPONENT, WERE POTENT MUTAGENS AND INDUCED 334 AND 999 COLONIES/10 UL OF ORIGINAL SUBSTANCE, RESPECTIVELY. IN ADDITION, 88 AND 249 NG OF 2,7-DIAMINOPHENAZINE, WHICH IS AN OXIDATION PRODUCT OF M-PHENYLENEDIAMINE AND WAS EXTREMELY MUTAGENIC IN TA98 WITH S9 MIX, WERE DETECTED IN EXTRACTS OF 40 ML OF THE HAIR DYE FORMULATIONS A AND B, RESPECTIVELY.