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1852040 
Journal Article 
Biomarker responses in Macoma nasuta (Bivalvia) exposed to sediments from northern San Francisco Bay 
Werner, I; Teh, SJ; Datta, S; Lu, XQ; Young, TM 
2004 
1 
Marine Environmental Research
ISSN: 0141-1136 
58 
2-5 
299-304 
English 
15178048 
WOS:000222199100032 
Our study investigates biomarker responses and survival of Macoma nasuta exposed to sediments collected from six locations in northern San Francisco Bay. Biomarkers analyzed were stress proteins (hsp70) in gill, mantle and digestive gland, lysosomal membrane damage and histopathologic lesions. Sediments and clam tissues were analyzed for a comprehensive suite of heavy metals and trace organic pollutants. Sediment grain size and organic carbon content were determined. Clams accumulated metals, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organochlorine pesticides (aldrin and p,p(')-DDT and its metabolites p,p(')-DDD and p,p(')-DDE). Pearson and Spearman correlation analysis revealed that mortality, hsp70 in gill and histopathologic lesion scores in gonads, and lysosomal membrane damage were significantly correlated with tissue concentrations of DDT and/or its metabolites. Tissue concentrations of metals, in particular nickel, chromium, and copper, were associated with macrophage aggregates in digestive gland and germ cell necrosis. Cadmium was linked to mortality and lysosomal membrane damage. 
sediments; biomarkers; stress proteins; histopathology; lysosomal membrane damage; Macoma nasuta; San Francisco Bay