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2288203 
Journal Article 
Performance comparison and economics analysis of waste stabilization ponds and horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands treating domestic wastewater: A case study of the Juja sewage treatment works 
Mburu, N; Tebitendwa, SM; van Bruggen, JJA; Rousseau, DPL; Lens, PNL 
2013 
Yes 
Journal of Environmental Management
ISSN: 0301-4797
EISSN: 1095-8630 
Academic Press Ltd. 
128 
220-225 
23747372 
WOS:000326203400025 
  The performance, effluent quality, land area requirement, investment and operation costs of a full-scale waste stabilization pond (WSP) and a pilot scale horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSSF-CW) at Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) were investigated between November 2010 to January 2011. Both systems gave comparable medium to high levels of organic matter and suspended solids removal. However, the WSP showed a better removal for Total Phosphorus (TP) and Ammonium (NH...-N). Based on the population equivalent calculations, the land area requirement per person equivalent of the WSP system was 3 times the area that would be required for the HSSF-CW to treat the same amount of wastewater. The total annual cost estimates consisting of capital, operation and maintenance (O&M) costs were comparable for both systems. However, the evaluation of the capital cost of either system showed that it is largely influenced by the size of the population served, local cost of land and the construction materials involved. Hence, one can select either system in terms of treatment efficiency. When land is available other factor including the volume of wastewater or the investment, and O&M costs determine the technology selection. (ProQuest: ... denotes formulae/symbols omitted.) 
Waste stabilization ponds; Horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands; Performance; Economics