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HERO ID
2338275
Reference Type
Journal Article
Title
Effects of sub-acute exposure to TiO2, ZnO and Al2O3 nanoparticles on oxidative stress and histological changes in mouse liver and brain
Author(s)
Shrivastava, R; Raza, S; Yadav, A; Kushwaha, P; Flora, SJ
Year
2014
Is Peer Reviewed?
Yes
Journal
Drug and Chemical Toxicology
ISSN:
0148-0545
EISSN:
1525-6014
Volume
37
Issue
3
Page Numbers
336-347
Language
English
PMID
24344737
DOI
10.3109/01480545.2013.866134
Web of Science Id
WOS:000337939900015
Abstract
Abstract Nanomaterials are at the leading edge of the rapidly developing field of nanotechnology. However the information regarding toxicity of these nanoparticles on humans and environment is still deficient. The present study investigated the toxic effects of three metal oxide nanoparticles, TiO2, ZnO and Al2O3 on mouse erythrocytes, brain and liver. Male mice were administered a single oral dose of 500 mg/kg of each nanoparticles for 21 consecutive days. The results suggest that exposure to these nano metallic particles produced a significant oxidative stress in erythrocyte, liver and brain as evident from enhanced levels of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and altered antioxidant enzymes activities. A significant increase in dopamine and norepinephrine levels in brain cerebral cortex and increased brain oxidative stress suggest neurotoxic potential of these nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) analysis indicated the presence of these nanoparticles inside the cytoplasm and nucleus. These changes were also supported by the inhibition of CuZnSOD and MnSOD, considered as important biomarkers of oxidative stress. The toxic effects produced by these nanoparticles were more pronounced in the case of zinc oxide, followed by aluminum oxide and titanium dioxide, respectively. The present results further suggest the involvement of oxidative stress as one of the main mechanisms involved in nanoparticles induced toxic manifestations.
Keywords
Al2O3; morphological changes; metal oxides nanoparticles; nanotoxicity; oxidative stress; TiO2; ZnO
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