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2625906 
Journal Article 
Abstract 
Exposure during allergic sensitization to San Joaquin Valley fine/ultrafine concentrated ambient particles results in increased allergic airway inflammation 
Carosino, CM; Recendez, JJ; Pinkerton, KE 
2010 
Yes 
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
ISSN: 1073-449X
EISSN: 1535-4970 
181 
A2844 
English 
WOS:000208771001756 
is part of a larger document 3452678 Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society 2010 International Conference, May 14-19, 2010, New Orleans
Rationale: Epidemiological data has drawn correlations between particulate matter exposure and increased asthma symptoms and hospitalizations. The San Joaquin Valley of California has some of the highest particulate matter pollution in the country and asthma symptom prevalence is among the highest in the state. We wished to test the effect of San Joaquin Valley particulate matter pollution on allergic airway inflammation with in-vivo exposures to determine if exposure to San Joaquin Valley particles can alter the allergic response.

Objectives: To determine if exposure to San Joaquin Valley ambient particulate matter during allergic sensitization elicits an increase in allergic airway inflammation.

Methods: Two groups of male BALB/c mice were exposed to six days of fine/ultrafine concentrated ambient particulates (CAPs) or filtered air (control) for six hours/day at an urban site in Fresno, California in the San Joaquin Valley. Both groups of mice were intranasally instilled with 10µg of ovalbumin in 50µl PBS immediately following exposures on days 2, 4, and 6. Both groups were challenged with 1% aerosolized ovalbumin for one hour on days 11, 12, and 13. On day 14, the animals were sacrificed and tissues collected for analysis.

Results: Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed in the control and CAPs exposed animals. Both animals exhibited cellular profiles indicative of an allergic response. While total cells recovered were increased in the CAPs exposed group, though not significantly, there were significant increases in eosinophils, neutrophils and lymphocytes in the differential analysis of the recovered BAL fluid. Eosinophils increased nearly 5 fold (p<0.032), neutrophils increased 8 fold (p<0.005) and lymphocytes increased nearly 3 fold (p<0.013) in CAPs-exposed sensitized mice compared with filter air sensitized mice.

Conclusion: Exposure during sensitization to fine/ultrafine concentrated ambient particles from Fresno in the San Joaquin Valley of California as compared to filtered air sensitized animals resulted in increased allergic airway inflammation subsequent to challenge. These results indicate that urban San Joaquin Valley concentrated ambient particles are capable of eliciting an exacerbated allergic response through exposure during sensitization alone when later challenged in the absence of particles. 
American Thoracic Society 2010 International Conference 
New Orleans, LA 
May 14-19, 2010