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2672328 
Journal Article 
CARBONACEOUS PARTICLES EMITTED FROM COOKING ACTIVITIES IN PORTUGAL 
Alves, CA; Duarte, M; Nunes, T; Moreira, R; Rocha, S 
2014 
1 
Global NEST Journal
ISSN: 1790-7632
EISSN: 1108-4006 
16 
2 
411-419 
WOS:000343373900017 
PM2.5 samples were collected from the exhaust stacks on the roofs of a university canteen, a charcoal-grilled chicken restaurant and a wood-oven roasted piglet restaurant. The use of thick exhaust hood filters and also gas and electricity as energy sources for cooking in the kitchen of the university canteen contributed to the emission of much lower PM2.5 levels (24-127 mu g m(-3)) compared to the restaurants. The charcoal-grilled chicken restaurant emitted particles at concentrations from 26 to 127 mg rn(-3). In the exhaust of the wood-oven roasted piglet restaurant, PM2.5 ranged from 192 mg m-3, when vine cuttings were used to fire up the ovens, to 203 mu g m(-3), at the final stage of roasting. Organic carbon (OC) represented, on average, 49% of the PM2.5 mass in samples from the canteen, while elemental carbon (EC) accounted for 1-6%. The OC and EC contents in aerosols from the charcoal-grilled chicken restaurant ranged from 73 to almost 95% and from 0.4 to 1%, respectively. Very high organic contents in the smoke exhausted from the piglet restaurant were also determined. However, the EC mass percentages in PM2.5 from this restaurant are higher than those found in samples from the other establishments. 
Portugal; Cooking Emissions; PM2.5; Organic Carbon; Elemental Carbon