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3209814 
Journal Article 
Use of Temperature Sensors to Determine Exclusivity of Improved Stove Use and Associated Household Air Pollution Reductions in Kenya 
Lozier, MJ; Sircar, K; Christensen, B; Pillarisetti, A; Pennise, D; Bruce, N; Stanistreet, D; Naeher, L; Pilishvili, T; Farrar, JL; Sage, M; Nyagol, R; Muoki, J; Wofchuck, T; Yip, F 
2016 
1 
Environmental Science & Technology
ISSN: 0013-936X
EISSN: 1520-5851 
50 
8 
4564-4571 
English 
26953674 
WOS:000374707100047 
Household air pollution (HAP) contributes to 3.5-4 million annual deaths globally. Recent interventions using improved cookstoves (ICS) to reduce HAP have incorporated temperature sensors as stove use monitors (SUMs) to assess stove use. We deployed SUMs in an effectiveness study of 6 ICSs in 45 Kenyan rural homes. Stove were installed sequentially for 2 weeks and kitchen air monitoring was conducted for 48 h during each 2-week period. We placed SUMs on the ICSs and traditional cookstoves (TCS), and the continuous temperature data were analyzed using an algorithm to examine the number of cooking events, days of exclusive use of ICS, and how stove use patterns affect HAP. Stacking, defined as using both a TCS and an ICS in the same day, occurred on 40% of the study days, and exclusive use of the ICS occurred on 25% of study days. When researchers were not present, ICS use declined, which can have implications for long-term stove adoption in these communities. Continued use of TCSs was also associated with higher HAP levels. SUMs are a valuable tool for characterizing stove use and provide additional information to interpret HAP levels measured during ICS intervention studies.