US EPA

3244308 

Journal Article 

Quantification and significance of protein oxidation in biological samples 

Shacter, E 

2000 

Yes 

Drug Metabolism Reviews
ISSN: 0360-2532
EISSN: 1097-9883 

32 

3-4 

307-326 

WOS:000166181000003 

Protein oxidation is defined here as the covalent
modification of a protein induced either directly by reactive oxygen species or indirectly by
reaction with secondary by-products of oxidative stress. Oxidative modification of proteins can
be induced experimentally by a wide array of prooxidant agents and occurs in vivo during aging
and in certain disease conditions. Oxidative changes to proteins can lead to diverse functional
consequences, such as inhibition of enzymatic and binding activities, increased susceptibility to
aggregation and proteolysis, increased or decreased uptake by cells, and altered immunogenicity.
There are numerous types of protein oxidative modification and these can be measured with a
variety of methods. Protein oxidation serves as a useful marker for assessing oxidative stress in
vivo. There are both advantages and disadvantages to using proteins for this purpose compared to
lipids and DNA. Finally, it is important to monitor the degree of oxidative modification of
therapeutic proteins manufactured for commercial use. This review will examine various aspects of
protein oxidation, with emphasis on using proteins as markers of oxidative stress in biological
samples. 

protein oxidation; disease; oxidative stress; markers; methods; therapeutic proteins