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3299078 
Journal Article 
Valuing forest ecosystem services: Case study of a forest reserve in Japan 
Ninan, KN; Inoue, M 
2013 
Ecosystem Services
ISSN: 2212-0416 
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV 
AMSTERDAM 
5 
E78-E87 
WOS:000209520800009 
Forests ecosystems provide several intangible benefits
which policy makers ignore since these values do not register in conventional markets or are
difficult to measure. Drawing on results of a case study of a forest reserve in japan, this paper
suggests that the annual value of the ecosystem services provided by forests is not only worth
millions of dollars, but also in per hectare terms much more than hitherto known. This value for
the Oku Aizu forest reserve ranged US$ 1.427-1.482 billion or about US$ 17,01617671 per ha. If
these are accounted for, then governments and societies faced with the development versus
conservation dilemma can make more informed decisions and policies that will help conserve
forests and the ecosystem services they provide, and thereby promote human well-being and
sustainable development. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 
Economic valuation; Forest ecosystem services; Oku Aizu forest reserve; Japan