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3333396 
Journal Article 
Water salinity effects on embryogenesis of the lesser sandeel, Ammodytes tobianus (Linnaeus, 1758) 
Bonislawska, M; Tanski, A; Szulc, J; Machula, S; Formicki, K 
2014 
Yes 
Central European Journal of Biology
ISSN: 1895-104X
EISSN: 1644-3632 
9 
11 
1068-1077 
WOS:000340665500007 
Effects of water salinity (3.0-9.0 PSU) on the duration and outcome of embryogenesis in the lesser sandeel (Ammodytes tobianus (L.) as well as on survival, size, and malformation rate of the newly hatched larvae were followed, based on observations involving equipment consisting of a microscope and still and digital cameras. The images obtained and measurements of egg and larval dimensions were analyzed using the NIS elements Br. computer software package. The lowest salinity tested (3.0 PSU), similar to that in the inshore Baltic Sea waters native for the species studied, produced a lower fertilization rate and resulted in extended embryogenesis, reduced embryo survival, changes in the hatch size, and increased larval malformation rate. The high-end salinity (7.5-9.0 PSU), higher than that prevailing in the species's spawning grounds in the Baltic Sea, resulted - similarly to the low-end salinity - in disturbed development and growth of the embryos. 
Salinity; Fertilization; Eggs; Ammodytes tobianus