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358579 
Journal Article 
A comparative evaluation of heavy metals in commercial wheat flours sold in Calabar-Nigeria 
Edem, CA; Iniama, G; Osabor, V; Etiuma, R; Ochelebe, M 
2009 
1 
Pakistan Journal of Nutrition
ISSN: 1680-5194 
8 
5 
585-587 
The concentrations of heavy metals in commercial brands of wheat flours sold in Calabar-Nigeria were evaluated using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The result of the analysis table showed the concentrations of the Heavy metals to be Cd (0.002 mg/kg) Cr (0.012 mg/kg) Cu (0.016 mg/kg) Fe (0.040 mg/kg) Ni (0.006 and Zn (0.019 mg/kg)) for Dangote flour samples and Cd (0.0004 mg/kg) Cr (0.006 mg/kg) Cu (0.034 mg/kg) Fe (0.020 mg/kg) Ni (0.060 mg/kg) for Golden penny flour sample. Mn, Pb, As and Hg were not detected in all the samples while Zn was only detected in Dangote flour. The results revealed the heavy metals concentrations to follow the trend Fe > Zn > Cu > Cr > Ni > Cd for Dangote flour and Ni > Cu > Fe > Cr > Cd for Golden Penny flour. 
arsenic; cadmium; chromium; copper; heavy metals; iron; lead; manganese; mercury; nickel; wheat flour; zinc; Nigeria; West Africa; Africa South of Sahara; Africa; Developing Countries; ACP Countries; Commonwealth of Nations; Anglophone Africa; Mn; Crop Produce (QQ050); Food Contamination, Residues and Toxicology (QQ200)