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4168594 
Journal Article 
Dynamic Heterogeneous Multiscale Filtration Model: Probing Micro- and Macroscopic Filtration Characteristics of Gasoline Particulate Filters 
Gong, J; Viswanathan, S; Rothamer, DA; Foster, DE; Rutland, CJ 
2017 
1 
Environmental Science & Technology
ISSN: 0013-936X
EISSN: 1520-5851 
American Chemical Society 
WASHINGTON 
51 
19 
11196-11204 
English 
28858469 
WOS:000412716500031 
Motivated by high filtration efficiency (mass- and number-based) and low pressure drop requirements for gasoline particulate filters (GPFs), a previously developed heterogeneous multiscale filtration (HMF) model is extended to simulate dynamic filtration characteristics of GPFs. This dynamic HMF model is based on a probability density function (PDF) description of the pore size distribution and classical filtration theory. The microstructure of the porous substrate in a GPF is resolved and included in the model. Fundamental particulate filtration experiments were conducted using an exhaust filtration analysis (EFA) system for model validation. The particulate in the filtration experiments was sampled from a spark-ignition direct-injection (SIDI) gasoline engine. With the dynamic HMF model, evolution of the microscopic characteristics of the substrate (pore size distribution, porosity, permeability, and deposited particulate inside the porous substrate) during filtration can be probed. Also, predicted macroscopic filtration characteristics including particle number concentration and normalized pressure drop show good agreement with the experimental data. The resulting dynamic HMF model can be used to study the dynamic particulate filtration process in GPFs with distinct microstructures, serving as a powerful tool for GPF design and optimization. 
Bandpass filters; Density functional theory; Direct injection; Drops; Gasoline; Microstructure; Pore size; Pressure drop; Probability density function; Size distribution; Design and optimization; Filtration characteristics; Filtration efficiency; Filtration experiments; Microscopic characteristics; Particle number concentration; Particulate filtration; Probability density function (pdf); Porous materials; gasoline; diesel; experimental study; filter; heterogeneity; low pressure; microstructure; model validation; porous medium; pressure drop; probability density function; size distribution; Article; controlled study; filtration; heterogeneous multiscale filtration; permeability; porosity; pressure; probability density function; temperature; dust; exhaust gas; filtration; particle size; particulate matter; Dust; Filtration; Gasoline; Particle Size; Particulate Matter; Porosity; Vehicle Emissions