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4265251 
Journal Article 
Comprehensive analysis of Mn:PIN-PMN-PT single crystals for Class IV flextensional transducer 
Guo, R; Li, S; An, D; Han, Tao; Chen, J; Cao, W 
2018 
Ceramics International
ISSN: 0272-8842
EISSN: 1873-3956 
44 
2864-2868 
As a crucial part of flextensional transducer (FT), the piezoelectric stack has an essential influence on the transducer. However, up to date, there are no literatures on considering the loss characteristics of the piezoelectric materials in the design of FT. Manganese-modified PIN-PMN-PT (Mn:PIN-PMN-PT) single crystals have greatly improved Q(m) values compared with the binary and ternary single crystals. In this paper, Class IV FTs based on Mn:PIN-42%PMN-32%PT and Mn:PIN-47%PMN-29%PT crystals were analyzed comprehensively on the heat losses, as well as transmitting voltage response (TVR), source level (SL), acoustic pressure (AP) and admittance. Compared with PIN-47%PMN-29%PT, PMN-28%PT and PZT4, the Mn:PIN-42%PMN-32%PT FT has a decrease of heat loss by 47.9%, 79.5% and 93.6%, respectively, under the same strain of 5 x 10(-5). The results indicated that the Mn:PIN-PMN-PT FT possesses simultaneously the less heat loss and lower resonant frequency, the higher AP, TVR, SL and effective electromechanical coupling coefficient. This research provides a guide for the design of FT and illuminates the immense potential of Mn:PIN-PMN-PT single crystals in making low heat generation, low frequency and high power FT. 
Mn modified single crystal; Heat generation; High power; Flextensional transducer