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453645 
Journal Article 
Review 
New antiepileptic drugs that are second generation to existing antiepileptic drugs 
Bialer, M 
2006 
Yes 
Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs
ISSN: 1354-3784 
15 
6 
637-647 
English 
16732716 
WOS:000238376600005 
In the last decade, 10 new antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) have been introduced that offer appreciable advantages in terms of their favourable pharmacokinetics, improved tolerability and lower potential for drug interactions. However, despite the large therapeutic range of old and new AEDs, similar to 30% of the patients with epilepsy are still not seizure free and, consequently, there is a substantial need to develop new AEDs. The new AEDs currently in development can be divided into two categories: drugs with completely new chemical structures such as lacosamide (formally harkoseride), retigabine, rufinamide and talampanel; and drugs that are derivatives or analogues of existing AEDs that can be regarded as second-generation or follow-up compounds of established AEDs. This article focuses on the second category and thus critically reviews the following second-generation compounds: eslicar-bazepine acetate or BIA-2-093 and 10-hydroxy carbazepine (carbamazepine derivatives); valrocemide and NPS 1776 (isovaleramide; valproic acid derivatives); pregabalin and XP13512 (gabapentin derivatives); brivaracetam (ucb 34714) and seletracetam (ucb 44212; levetiracetam derivatives); and fluorofelbamate (a felbamate derivative). in addition, a series of valproic acid derivatives that are currently in preclinical stage has also been evaluated because some lead compounds of this series have a promising potential to become new antiepileptics and CNS drugs. For any of these follow-up compounds to become a successful second generation to an existing AED, it has to be more potent, safer and possess favourable pharmacokinetics, including low potential for pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic drug interactions. 
antiepileptic drugs; carbamazepine; felbamate; gabapentin; levetiracetam; oxcarbazepine; second generation to antiepileptic drugs; valproic acid; aminomethyl)-1-cyclohexane acetic-acid; neurons in-vitro; valproic; acid; anticonvulsant profile; seletracetam ucb-44212; progress report; enantioselective pharmacokinetics; propylisopropyl acetamide; eslicarbazepine-acetate; gabapentin prodrug