US EPA

4837089 

Journal Article 

High-temperature sliding wear behaviour of Stellite (R) 12 and Tribaloy (R) T400 

Renz, A; Prakash, B; Hardell, J; Lehmann, O 

2018 

1 

Wear
ISSN: 0043-1648
EISSN: 1873-2577 

402 

148-159 

10.1016/j.wear.2018.02.013 

WOS:000429077100016 

In this work, the sliding wear behaviour of the hardfacing alloys Stellite (R) 12 and Tribaloy (R) T400 during interaction with a CrMo-steel is investigated at elevated temperatures. These materials are typically used for gas exchange valves and seat rings in large bore gas engines where they are subjected to severe operating conditions. The clean combustion and a decreased oil flow towards the tribosystem valve spindle/seat ring in the natural gas-fuelled engines cause excessive wear when operating at high combustion pressures and elevated temperatures.



Commonly employed Co-based alloys for the valve seating faces show a vast variation in their wear behaviour when the high tribological loads act directly on the contact surfaces which are not protected by any type of tribofilm. In order to understand the mechanisms under unlubricated and metal-to-metal contact situation, reciprocating pin-on-disc sliding wear tests were carried out at high temperatures for the two common material combinations, mentioned above. The effects of temperature, initial hardfacing roughness, microstructure, and hardness on the friction and wear response are investigated. The quantitative wear results in combination with microstructural and wear mechanism analysis provide the foundation for a phenomenological description of the wear behaviour. The tendency to form oxides has been found to be a decisive factor in terms of the severity of wear of the investigated hardfacings. Stellite (R) 12 shows low surface oxidation at elevated temperatures whereas the intermetallic phases in Tribaloy (R) T400 oxidize significantly. 

Valve wear; Co-based alloy; Hardfacing; Oxide layer; Gas engine