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4919909 
Journal Article 
Solvent Extraction of Oil from Bani (Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre) Seeds 
Razal, RA; Daracan, VC; Calapis, RM; Angon, CMM; Demafelis, R 
2012 
CROP SCIENCE SOC PHILLIPPINES 
COLLEGE LAGUNA 
37 
1 
1-7 
WOS:000303221100001 
Bani (Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre) seeds were extracted using Soxhlet apparatus to determine which among hexane, cyclohexane, and petroleum ether would be a more suitable solvent for extraction of bani oil. Seed moisture content, the presence of seed coat, and grinding of the seeds affected oil yield by solvent extraction. Hexane, which is relatively lower in cost than cyclohexane, proved to be a practical solvent for sundried uncoated ground bani seeds, showing bani oil content of up to 56% with Soxhlet extraction. However, simple soaking of the ground bani seeds in hexane provided lower oil recovery compared with Solvent extraction. Experiments to determine effects of soaking time, seed mass-to-solvent ratio, and soaking temperature showed favorable soaking time and temperature of 8 hrs and 35 C, respectively, while oil recovery increased as seed-mass-to-solvent-volume ratio was varied from 1:2 to 1:6. Beyond the 1:6 ratio, increases in the seed-mass-to-solvent-volume ratio did not result in significant increases in oil recovery. Important physico-chemical properties of the solvent-extracted oil were determined, showing a specific gravity of 0.92764 +/- 0.0052 at 25 degrees C, saponification number of 195.7 mg KOH/g oil, iodine value of 56.35 g I-2/100 g oil, and a free fatty acid value of 5.41 mg KOH/g oil. 
biodiesel; Bani (Pongamia pinnata) seed oil; oil yield; solvent extraction