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512918 
Journal Article 
Review 
Fever and periorbital edema: A review 
Rafailidis, PI; Falagas, ME 
2007 
1 
Survey of Ophthalmology
ISSN: 0039-6257 
52 
4 
422-433 
English 
Fever and periorbital swelling are the manifestation of a broad array of diseases. Among them are emergency situations, which need prompt physician input. Swiftly formulating a differential diagnosis approach is crucial. Diseases causing fever and periorbital edema are either local or systemic. Nevertheless, their impact can be systemic if they evade diagnosis. Infectious diseases and non-infections diseases (inflammatory and allergic diseases, autoimmune diseases, neoplastic diseases, and trauma) can all lead to fever and periorbital edema. A meticulous history and physical examination in association with targeted tests against the presented spectrum of diseases (specific serological tests, radiological tests, cultures taken from the surface of the periorbital area and other relevant areas, and skin biopsy for histological and microbiological examination) will clarify the diagnosis. 
autoimmune disease; dermatomyositis; eye infection; polymyositis; trichinosis; systemic-lupus-erythematosus; melkersson-rosenthal-syndrome; protein-losing enteropathy; sickle-cell disease; orbital cellulitis; eyelid edema; computed-tomography; kaposis-sarcoma; lyme-disease; angiolymphoid hyperplasia